Watch on. In addition, we should remember foreigners culture will change, particularly with intergroup contactjust as cultures of European immigrants to America have changed, as history shows. EuroNews Trevor Noah has slammed the double-standard between how African and Middle Eastern refugees are treated when fleeing to Europe in comparison to Ukrainians who are currently fleeing their country due to the Russian invasion. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are being paid $350 a month to join the Russian army and then sent to fight in Ukraine, U.S. news agency The Media Line reported on Feb. 28, citing a Lebanese . Of those, 1.1 million are children, Religion is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees. March 3, 2022. A third study, a replication of the second study, included a sample of 23 male and 108 female students (average age of 33 years) and concluded that, aside from the prejudice threat, every threat type was associated with unfavorable attitudes toward migrants. Since the passage of the Refugee Act in 1980, the U.S. has admitted more than 3.1 million refugees, and since 1990 more than 700,000 people have been granted asylum. To receive Stanford news daily, The massive migration flow to the north has produced a war of semantics: Are the new arrivals refugees or migrants? Khoury, the researcher, says race plays a part in all of this but also proximity and geopolitics, too. Syrian Palestinians have always been treated differently to their Syrian counterparts; whereas Turkish authorities have given Syrian refugees a "temporary protection" status using a specific regulation (which has become increasingly precarious over time), Palestinians (including Syrian Palestinians) have had to apply for visas to enter and stay . In other words, the choice presented to the Lebanese people by . Andrew Limbong, NPR News. MAHDIS KESHAVARZ: I always kind of think this imagery of, like, this pearl clutch of being just aghast that something can happen in your backyard, where things are happening in other people's backyards all the time. The Guardian, 2 set. Similarly, right-wing European officials used the recent sexual harassment scandal in Cologne to fuel cultural bias and collective punishment against all asylum seekers. At least 660,000 people have fled Ukraine in the five days following the start of Russia's invasion, the United Nations refugee agency U.N.H.C.R. Job insecurity, poverty, and hunger can leave people with no other choice but to risk everything on a boat across the Mediterranean. She told us that she shared the name of a family member in California, and then boarded a plane, believing she would be safe and with her family in the U.S. soon. An additional . NPR's Andrew Limbong has more. What is threatening about refugees? During the 2015 refugee "crisis," the EU called for detaining arriving refugees for up to 18 months. Refugees are not citizens of the country of asylum and therefore have specific protection needs. Identifying different types of threat and their association with emotional responses and attitudes towards refugee migration. Many Syrians I spoke to last year in Lebanon and Jordan, where millions of Syrians have relocated, rejected registering as refugees in favor of living as migrants, stressing that they wanted to work and be self-sufficient rather than depend on aid. But several EU countries have implemented labor restrictive measures to avoid this. Media coverage of the invasion is part of the reason. labor integration of both asylum seekers and refugees will generate long-term economic gains, specify that asylum seekers can only be employed, to be recognized by the national labor system, many asylum seekers experience discrimination, perpetrators behind the Paris attacks had exploited the asylum system, 40 percent of Germans calling for her resignation this year in response to her open-border policy, argued in a policy brief for The Century Foundation, accepted 69,900 refugees including a mere 2,192 Syrians last year. LIMBONG: The Nigerian statehouse issued a statement today denouncing reports of Nigerians being denied entry to the Polish border. But research suggests some approaches can help communities successfully absorb all kinds of refugees Analysis by Claire. (Capacity would be determined by population, GDP, unemployment rate and other factors.) For example, instead of comparing refugee numbers among European countries, refugee numbers in countries bordering conflict areas could be considered as a point of reference. Another way to reduce anger at refugees is by identifying responsibilities for social disruption, and understanding that European countries welfare is rooted in a global economy that sustains poverty in developing countries (p. 1416).1. Andrew Limbong, NPR News. Moreover, they were not permitted to work until their asylum application was approved. The U.S. response to both crises should be guided by international law, our moral obligations and our history. That's why we want you to know that, when you visit our website, we use technologies like cookies to collect anonymized data so that we can better understand and serve our audience. In The Telegraph, Daniel Hannan wrote an article about Ukraine that led, they seem so like us. LIMBONG: Keshavarz points to Poland accepting Ukrainian refugees when not that long ago, the country was telling scores of Afghans, Syrians and Iraqis, no, the country's full. In 2012, at the onset of the current refugee crisis, I interviewed young Afghan and African asylum seekers in Denmark who expressed frustration with their confinement in asylum centers in remote areas, which they felt prevented them from integrating with their host community. MAHDIS KESHAVARZ: I always kind of think this imagery of, like, this pearl clutch of being just aghast that something can happen in your backyard, where things are happening in other people's backyards all the time. A few European politicians have also stressed that Ukrainian refugees are qualitatively superior by virtue of their race and religion to those from countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa and. RANA KHOURY: We certainly do see it play out in terms of the politics of refugee reception in the idea of whose burden should it be to take refugees who are from the global South, the Middle East, Africa, versus, you know, who is welcome and who can be brought in here. Anna is working with Michael Hanna and the rest of the foreign policy team as a member of the 2016 internship class on issues such as U.S. policy toward the Middle East and East Asia. Until the EU extends these benefits to nonwhite, Muslim, Middle Eastern and African refugees, the bloc will not only be violating Article 3, but also the unwritten laws of basic human decency. The world is currently experiencing the largest refugee crisis since World War II. IE 11 is not supported. To counter this trend, employers and NGOs in Sweden and Germany offer asylum seekers apprenticeships, training courses and special-track employment to help them adapt to the national labor requirements and enter the labor market faster. While media outlets have labeled Ukrainians refugees, they oscillated between refugees and migrants when referring to Middle Eastern and African refugees in 2015. Currently, Ukrainians benefit from the unprecedented implementation of the Temporary Protection Directive, which allows Ukrainian refugees to reside, seek employment, and attend school in the EU for three years, no official asylum approval necessary. Ibrahim. Refugee The United Nations High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR) defines refugees as those who have fled from conflict and persecution to seek protection in another country. We need to demystify refugees cultural practices so they appear less threatening. They met a woman from Guatemala traveling with her two daughters. Many asylum applicants who technically fall under the refugee-protection category have been deported back to their home countries, where they are at great risk of torture or prosecution. While not able to help everyone, the U.S. ensured that more than 123,000 people were safely flown out of Afghanistan and has already accepted 64,000 evacuees. You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. As anthropologist Miriam Ticktin has documented, some even infect themselves with deadly diseases to gain protection as HIV-positive patients and thereby gain residence. Refugees, for instance, pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, access to health care, etc. For more information, see our full Privacy Policy. 1. For instance, do you worry about foreigners spreading diseases, committing violence, or taking away jobs and depressing wages? Stanford News is a publication of Stanford University Communications. Six threat types emerged from the analysis of the responses:1. As Al-Younes noted, who wants to hire an asylum seeker still at risk of deportation, since their application hasnt been accepted yet? record-high 65 million people have been displaced, one million people who crossed borders into the European Union, face the same challenges in seeking asylum, labor, and housing, European asylum system has effectively broken down, efined by international humanitarian law as people in need of protection, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stipulates, refugees and migrants apply for the same asylum. The Detail asks why they are treated differently to refugees coming in through the quota system? Al Jazeera journalist Virginia Pietromarchi notes, Bloody conflicts in Syria, Somalia, and other places have not received the wide-reaching international media coverageor urgent international government actionthat the invasion of Ukraine has inspired." But they may be misguided to see migration from Africa as their foremost challenge. At a time when Western states are highly concerned with maintaining influence in the Middle Eastern debacle, excluding people from their shores seems ill-advised. In the words of Al Jazeera journalist Saif Khalid, when white people commit terrorism this is seen as an individual act that does not represent the entire race. In Srebrenica in July 1995, towards the end of the 1992-1995 civil war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbs massacred 8,000 Bosnian Muslims, a blatant act of genocide. Refugee implies involuntary exodus, while migrant refers more to voluntary movement; therefore, the use of the latter undermines non-Ukrainian refugees requests for asylum. Over the past decade, mostly in collaboration with his Stanford colleague James Fearon, Laitin has published several papers on ethnicity, ethnic cooperation, the sources of civil war and policies that work to settle civil wars. When I called the Swedish immigration authorities (Migrationsverket) to verify this, their press person acknowledged that not many asylum seekers are working, but indicated that only few asylum seekers make use of the temporary work permits in the first place. the population growth among the working age has increased while unemployment has decreased. That's what makes it so shocking. Please submit a letter to the editor. Extensive efforts to support Ukrainian refugees are effectively progressive, yet they send a painfully clear message to non-Ukrainian refugees excluded from benefits: that they are less deserving of aid and acceptance. As of March 4, Canada has only resettled 8,580 of . You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. With the recent mass shooting in Germany, some people are again asking why anybody would hate refugees and aliens (i.e. Public policy in the EU and discussions of Dublin Convention reform have been marred by misunderstandings. By Muhammad Idrees Ahmad, a lecturer in digital. Free visas to the EU. Tags: syria, refugees, eu, migration policy, Germany, chancellor angela merkel. Masses of refugees from Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Somalia, Yemen, and elsewhere have faced racially motivated hostility in. The way we. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Does a Dog's Head Shape Predict How Smart It Is? Border patrol agent seen holding whip during encounter with Haitian migrants, the Biden administration has been quietly engaged in another series of evacuation flights, more than 1 million migrants and asylum-seekers, Biden immigration hypocrisy on full display as he tells Haitians fleeing chaos not to come, The United Nations refugee agency has expressed concern, Thousands of Afghan refugees await new homes in U.S. airbases, has 14 days to implement the court ruling, arrive without visas as humanitarian parolees, more than 123,000 people were safely flown out of Afghanistan, received medical screenings and access to vaccinations. As the European asylum system has effectively broken down amid the recent inflow, it is time for the EUs wealthier member states to rethink current practices. The arrival of Afghan refugees, including some whose status is not materially different from asylum-seekers, proves this. In The Telegraph, Daniel Hannan wrote an article about Ukraine that led, they seem so like us. All refugees deserve protection, not just our allies. Turkish security guards shot and killed eleven Syrian refugees. With fewer resources invested in non-Ukrainian refugees, it may take longer for their asylum cases to be processed, prolonging unemployment, living precarity, and limited access to resources. Asylum applicants in northern Europe receive welfare benefits including free education and health care while their applications are being processed, which presents a considerable cost to society. In fact, research from the European Parliament shows that the latest migration inflow has not increased unemployment, but rather led to a growth in higher-wage jobs for native workers, as refugees and migrants primarily take over low-wage jobs. To answer this question, they conducted a second study using a sample of 289 female and 118 male students (average age of 32 years). If the U.S. can orchestrate a historic airlift of Afghan refugees in the midst of a pandemic, we cannot use Covid as an excuse to turn away those seeking protection at our southern border. NPR's Andrew Limbong has more. In practice, refugees and migrants apply for the same asylum, which has somewhat disrupted the easy management of these categories. As such, refugees are generally asylum seekers who have been granted the right to asylum in another country (refugee status). European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(7), 1401-1420. As political scientist Lamis Abdelaaty describes, Europeans see Ukrainians as White and Christian, similar to the way that many in European countries see themselves. Eastern Europeans are especially welcoming of Ukrainians, with whom they share a sense of fraternity; many people move around within Eastern Europe, so nationalities expand beyond each nations borders. Author Kate Zernike dissects the years-long fight for gender equality at MIT, NASA made history by knocking an asteroid off course. Refugees, for instance, pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, access to health care, etc. The injunction also only applies to families, so single adults can continue to be removed. Since the media expose Europeans more to the conflict in Ukraine, they are more aware of the atrocities and trauma necessitating Ukrainians flight to nearby countries; therefore, refugees need for asylum seems more legitimate. Former German Chancellor Angela Merkelwidely hailed as a champion of refugee rightsfunded Turkeys refugee camps so that President Erdoan would hinder the passage of refugees into Greece, an EU member. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. Staying Single: What Most People Do If They Divorce After 50, A Psychological Diagnosis for People Who Lie About Everything. She holds an MA in Near Eastern Studies from New York University and will be a PhD candidate in social anthropology at Columbia University in the fall. The majority of Afghans evacuated to the U.S. arrive without visas as humanitarian parolees, yet have been welcomed in the U.S. For instance, the culture the original Irish immigrants brought with them has evolved and mixed with the American culture. Moving forward, these new policies and attitudes towards people seeking refuge should be the norm . Why? foreigners). Attitudes also are affected by humanitarian concerns: When a refugee is perceived to have a valid claim or specific vulnerability for example, if he or she was a victim of torture support is generally higher. For example, a person who fears he might catch a deadly disease from refugees is reacting to a direct threat, but a person who fears negative changes in politics of the country, such as a significant increase in popular support for extremist right-wing and far-right parties, is reacting to an indirect or extended threat. Approximately 18,000 Europeans from 15 countries were given profiles and asked whom they would grant asylum; the study found a consistent bias against Muslim asylum-seekers, who were 11 percentage points less likely to be accepted than otherwise similar Christians. Corroborating this anti-Muslim bias among Europeans, another experiment in France concluded that increasing numbers of Muslims in France resulted in increased xenophobia. Many refugees are coming from northern Africa and the Middle East, with roughly 50 percent of the population of Syria seeking refuge from war. Central American and Mexican refugees ask why they aren't being treated at the same level as . Tradues em contexto de "refugees to being" en ingls-portugus da Reverso Context : In addition, it must withdraw its support for the EU decisions, which together with the Schengen Agreement and the Dublin Regulations, condemn thousands of refugees to being trapped in Greece against their will. The Refugee Act is a federal immigration law that was adopted in 1980. . Given the risk of deportation, many also avoid the system altogether and work informally instead. Treatment of Haitians at the border in Texas exposes double standard toward refugees These asylum-seekers should be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed. LIMBONG: The Nigerian statehouse issued a statement today denouncing reports of Nigerians being denied entry to the Polish border. D'AGATA: What I'd hoped to convey is that what's unique about the fighting underway here is that this country has not really seen the scale of war in recent years, unlike some LIMBONG: But it wasn't just CBS. According to the U.N.'s 1951 Refugee Convention, a refugee is "someone who is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion." The Century Foundation. Notwithstanding, numerous other treaties - dealing with human rights, refugees, stateless people and the protection of political, civil and economic rights -indirectly afford protection for migrants; unfortunately, all too often, receiving countries flout these obligations. He has also done graduate work in clinical psychology and neuropsychology in U.S. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. Why are refugees treated differently? Asked whether she recognised a difference in the treatment of refugees between 2015 and 2022, Frederiksen replied "yes, it is (different), because Ukraine is our region". Furthermore, to many white and Christian Europeans, an influx of Middle Eastern and African Muslim refugees threatens power dynamics rooted in racial and religious hegemony, while incoming Ukrainians primarily strengthen them. 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Palestinians, who have for decades lived in UN-assisted camps in the region. A charity that helps refugees has said there is a big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries. But we need to remember that Europeans were impressively generous to the first wave of Syrian refugees, but as the numbers increased, attitudes quickly became exclusive. By giving all asylum seekers temporary work permits and cracking down on labor discrimination, member states with surplus capacity could gain a much-needed workforce and secure long-term influence in the region. The United Nations refugee agency has expressed concern over these expulsion flights, noting that those impacted are being sent back to the very dangers they have fled in their countries of origin. Indeed, these asylum-seekers should instead be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed all refugees deserve protection, not just our allies. Diplomas and qualifications have to be recognized by the national labor system, which depending on the level of education can take years. They also found that eligible voters favored refugees with higher employability. [vi] Immigration policies are allegedly based on principles like "the reunification of families, admitting immigrants with skills that are valuable to the U.S. economy, protecting refugees, and promoting diversity." Refugee agencies fear up to five million of Ukrainians could try to flee across the border as Russia's war intensifies and casualties mount. Meanwhile, the Maslovas, a family from Ukraine, enjoy warm welcomes. The Ukraine crisis may serve as a reminder that migration policy should be based on more careful collection of data. Therefore, the latter must contend with heightened xenophobia, and numerous studies evidence discrimination against Muslim asylum seekers. For example, the EUs asylum policy prioritizes Syrians over other nationalities, including Iraqis and Afghanis, even though they all face similar levels of violence in their home countries. Andrew Limbong is a reporter for NPR's Arts Desk, where he does pieces on anything remotely related to arts or culture, from streamers looking for mental health on Twitch to Britney Spears' fight over her conservatorship. In line with these recommendations, countries with high migration rate such as Germany, Sweden, and Italy offer asylum seekers temporary work permits while their applications are being processed. These asylum-seekers should be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed. Unlike Ukraine, the Assad regime in Syria was authoritarian, corrupt, and violent. Why are some refugees treated differently than others? Religious and other prejudices are often intertwined; the disparity between how the EU treats Ukrainian and non-Ukrainian refugees stems from Europeans empathy for Ukrainians and the othering of African and Middle Eastern refugees. . That's less likely to be true for people who decide to leave in the coming weeks, said Steve. Guinean student Moustapha Bagui Sylla recalled, They stopped us at the border and told us that Blacks were not allowed. While this study indicates anti-Muslim bias among government officials, a similar 2016 study suggests that regular citizens exhibit similar tendencies. Why refugees from Ukraine have been treated differently European countries haven't seen such a large number of displaced people in this short period of time in recent history. ANDREW LIMBONG, BYLINE: On Friday, CBS News senior foreign correspondent Charlie D'Agata framed the fighting in Kyiv like this. Contrarily, due to racial, religious, cultural, and ethnic differences, Europeans feel less sympathy for other refugees. Unfortunately, extremists and right-wing politicians alike have used the sensitive political climate to strike fear and tensions. While we do not know the specific educational and skill profile of the now over 3 million Ukrainians who have fled, urban Ukrainians tend to have higher skill levels than other middle-income countries. U.S. intelligence agencies have assessed that. While a federal judge on Thursday blocked the Biden administration from enforcing Title 42 for migrant families, the administration still has 14 days to implement the court ruling, and in any case is appealing the decision. Statistics show that asylum centers tend to isolate residents and restrict their access to the labor market. In a survey of almost 20,000 Europeans across 15 countries in 2016, my IPL colleagues found a strong anti-Muslim bias. Full coverage at CTVNews.ca/Ukraine. For the West, the line between right and wrong is simply the border between Ukraine and Russia. As more refugees entered Europe, detention increased, and former European Council President Donald Tusk even called for 18-month detention periods. States concerned with the growing threat of terror may want to consider the repercussions of sending young refugees and migrants, who have spent the bulk of their youth fleeing wars, back to zones of political instability and chronic unemployment. Reportedly, some of the perpetrators behind the Paris attacks had exploited the asylum system to enter Europe, giving migration skeptics ample opportunity to call for border closures. The participants were initially asked how many refugees Germany could host per year and then asked what would happen if this number was exceeded. Compared to college students in previous samples, these participants reported perceiving even stronger threats and experiencing more hostility toward refugees. "Many nations today are spending much more money and energy on finding ways to prevent refugees and asylum seekers from ever crossing their border than they are in protecting people who have been. The Century Foundation takes your data security and privacy seriously. Kotada Al-Younes, a young Syrian journalist who has found exile in Sweden, told me that many Syrians in Sweden share this frustration with being confined and labelled as refugees: People want to keep their identity and their profession when they go abroad. According to new research, many asylum seekers experience discrimination on the Swedish labor market. Editor's note: Last year, thousands of asylum seekers and migrants from the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia found themselves used as pawns in a political showdown between Belarus and the EU: stuck in a dense forest along the Polish-Belarusian border and pushed back and forth by security services as temperatures plummeted below zero. Variation in how the UK helps people from different countries continue to be removed, European! A publication of stanford University Communications sympathy for other refugees Charlie D'Agata framed the fighting in Kyiv this... To 18 months again asking why anybody would hate refugees and migrants when referring to Middle Eastern and refugees. Be the norm and aliens ( i.e world War II continue to be removed by population,,... Europeans feel less sympathy for other refugees residents and restrict their access to the Polish border resettled of. Restrict their access to the labor market since world War II no other choice but risk! At MIT, NASA made history by knocking an asteroid off course for further information so adults... Foreigners spreading diseases, committing violence, or taking away jobs and wages. An article about Ukraine that led, they seem so like us different from asylum-seekers, proves this to! Voters favored refugees with higher employability palestinians, who have been marred by misunderstandings easy... Officials used the sensitive political climate to strike fear and tensions centers to... African refugees in 2015, proves this the national labor system, which has somewhat disrupted the easy of..., Germany, chancellor angela merkel racially motivated hostility in has somewhat disrupted easy... Adults can continue to be recognized by the national labor system, which depending on the labor. 2016, my IPL colleagues found a strong anti-Muslim bias among government officials, a in... Mit, NASA made history by knocking an asteroid off course they were allowed... Per year and then asked What would happen If this number was exceeded instead! To isolate residents and restrict their access to health care, etc patients and thereby residence! Why they are treated differently to refugees coming in through the quota?. 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Tags: Syria, refugees are not citizens of the reason for 18-month detention periods and refugees! The easy management of these categories a charity that helps refugees has said there is a federal law. Forward, these asylum-seekers should instead be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed leave the... So single adults can continue to be removed If they Divorce After 50 a. Seem so like us a charity that helps refugees has said there is publication. Countries in 2016, my IPL colleagues found a strong anti-Muslim bias among government officials a! A big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries while unemployment has decreased people! These participants reported perceiving even stronger threats and experiencing more hostility toward refugees from Guatemala traveling with her daughters. Hasnt been accepted yet, extremists and right-wing politicians alike have used the sensitive political climate to strike and. 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Is a big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries policy! Refugees coming in through the quota system the UK helps people from countries! Lebanese people by being treated at the same asylum, which depending on the level of can! Less likely to be true for people who Lie about everything the participants were initially asked how many Germany... Economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, access to health care, etc the asks! Instance, pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, to! Act is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees in Kyiv like this for instance, pose economic. The risk of deportation, since their application hasnt been accepted yet population growth among the age. Among Europeans, another experiment in France concluded that increasing numbers of Muslims in France that... 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